Date of Award
2020-05-23
Degree Name
PhD Nursing
Dissertation Committee
Cynthia D. Connelly, PhD, RN, FAAN,Chairperson; Jane M. Georges, PhD, RN Member; Semira Semino-Asaro, PhD, RN Member
Keywords
pregnancy, opioid use disorder, opioid misuse, treatment, barriers
Abstract
Purpose: To identify barriers and facilitators to opioid use treatment and recovery services among pregnant and nonpregnant women who misuse opioids.
Background: Over 130 Americans die daily after overdosing on opioids. Women have not been immune from opioid use disorders (OUDs), with a 4-fold increase from 1999-2010. The prevalence of opioid use among pregnant women increased from 1.5 per 1,000 hospital deliveries to 6.5. Although the annual National Surveys on Drug Use and Health (NSDUH) has provided information on risk factors for OUD related to socioeconomic and demographic factors, no studies using this data have identified barriers to opioid use treatment among pregnant and nonpregnant women.
Specific aims: (1) describe demographic characteristics (age, race/ethnicity, education, marital status, health insurance, employment, income, geographic location, and treatment setting), clinical characteristics (health status, mental health status, and substance use), and opioid use treatment and recovery services among pregnant and nonpregnant women who misuse opioids, (2) examine the relationships among demographic characteristics, clinical characteristics, perceived need for treatment, and facilitators/barriers to opioid use treatment and recovery services among pregnant and nonpregnant women who misuse opioids, (3) identify factors associated with increased odds of opioid use treatment among pregnant women who misuse opioids.
Method: A cross-sectional correlational study using 2016 to 2018 NSDUH data. Sample included 122 pregnant and 3305 nonpregnant women who misused opioids. Descriptive statistics and bivariate analysis examined the variables between the groups of women.
Results:The sample (n=3427) women who misused opioids, 67.3% were 18-25 years old and 64.8% were non-Hispanic white. Both groups worked full time (36%), earned between $20,000 and $49,000 per year (34%), and never married (66.5%). Significant associations were noted among; age (χ2=25.406, p=
Implications: Study findings indicate 3.3% of pregnant women and 1.8% of nonpregnant women who misuse opioids perceive they have a need to obtain treatment. Further research is necessary to explore the construct of perceived need in this population, as well as, strategies to increase engagement.
Document Type
Dissertation: Open Access
Department
Nursing
Digital USD Citation
Woods, Loralie, "Barriers and Facilitators to Opioid Use Treatment and Recovery Services During Pregnancy" (2020). Dissertations. 176.
https://digital.sandiego.edu/dissertations/176
Copyright
Copyright held by the author
Included in
Biological Psychology Commons, Health Policy Commons, Maternal, Child Health and Neonatal Nursing Commons, Medicine and Health Commons, Other Psychology Commons, Other Social and Behavioral Sciences Commons, Psychiatric and Mental Health Commons, Psychiatric and Mental Health Nursing Commons, Substance Abuse and Addiction Commons